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cfd-ar_t [2023/05/08 17:25] – [CFD-AR(T)] julio9919cfd-ar_t [2023/05/08 18:37] (aktuell) – julio9919
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 The first equation is called the Continuity equation. This balance equation states the principle of conservation of mass, i.e. mass can neither be created nor destroyed [1]; Thus the right-hand side of the equation is equal to zero.  The first equation is called the Continuity equation. This balance equation states the principle of conservation of mass, i.e. mass can neither be created nor destroyed [1]; Thus the right-hand side of the equation is equal to zero. 
 \\  \\ 
-The second equation is called the Momentum equation. This balance equation describes the principle of conservation of momentum, i.e. Newton's second law [3]. In the left-hand side of the equation the term $\rho \frac{Du}{Dt} = \rho(\frac{du}{dt}+u\nabla u)$ describes the total derivative of the velocity $u$, i.e. the change of velocity with respect to time and a convective term (local changes in the velocity $u$) [1]. On the right-hand side the term $- \nabla p$ describes changes in pressure, i.e. pressure forces. Secondly, a diffusion term $\mu \nabla^2 u$ describing viscous forces in the fluid [3]. the last term of the right-hand side $\rho f$ describes body forces.  +The second equation is called the Momentum equation. This balance equation describes the principle of conservation of momentum, i.e. Newton's second law [3]. In the left-hand side of the equation the term $\rho \frac{Du}{Dt} = \rho(\frac{du}{dt}+u\nabla u)$ describes the total derivative of the velocity $u$, i.e. the change of velocity with respect to time and a convective term (local changes in the velocity $u$) [1]. On the right-hand side the term $- \nabla p$ describes changes in pressure, i.e. pressure forces. Secondly, a diffusion term $\mu \nabla^2 u$ describes viscous forces in the fluid [3]. the last term of the right-hand side $\rho f$ describes body forces.  
  
  
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 For the implementation, a basic CFD case was computed: a flow around a sphere. The computation was achieved mostly with open-source software. For the implementation, a basic CFD case was computed: a flow around a sphere. The computation was achieved mostly with open-source software.
 ==3.1 Meshing== ==3.1 Meshing==
-For the Meshing with Gmsh and the meshing solution of OpenFoam. First, the geometry of interest (in this case a sphere) was created whit Gmsh. The meshing process of the sphere was also done with Gmsh. The domain where the sphere "lives" is a box; inside this box, the solution for the governing equations will be computed. This box was created and meshed with OpenFoam. After that, bout elements were placed together. To achieve a high definition in the solution, the size of the elements behind the sphere was decreased.+For the Meshing with Gmsh and the meshing solution of OpenFoam. First, the geometry of interest (in this case a sphere) was created whit Gmsh. The meshing process of the sphere was also done with Gmsh. The domain where the sphere "lives" is a box; inside this box, the solution for the governing equations will be computed. This box was created and meshed with OpenFoam. After that, both elements were placed together. To achieve a high definition in the solution, the size of the elements behind the sphere was decreased. 
 + 
 +{{CFD:obj1.gif}} 
 ==3.2 Parametric definition and CFD-solver== ==3.2 Parametric definition and CFD-solver==
-This part of the process was made with OpenFoam. First, the parameters and boundary conditions were defined. The physical properties were also defined in this stage. For solving this case the simulation was run on 64 cores. The total time of the simulation was two weeks ----.+This part of the process was made with OpenFoam. First, the parameters and boundary conditions were defined. The physical properties were also defined in this stage. For solving this case the simulation was run on 64 cores. The total time of the simulation was 10 hours.
  
 {{undefined:ezgif.com-video-to-gif.gif}} {{undefined:ezgif.com-video-to-gif.gif}}
  
-\subsection{Post-processing} +==Post-processing== 
-The post-processing was done with ParaView. Here, plots of the q-criterion were created. The q-criterion. These plots show the vortex structures in the fluid. For coloring these structures the values of $\frac{dz}{dy}$ ----were used.+The post-processing was done with ParaView. Here, plots of the q-criterion were created. The q-criterion. These plots show the vortex structures in the fluid. For coloring these structures the values of $\frac{dz}{dy}$ were used. 
 +{{CFD:obj3.gif}}
 ==3.3 AR implementation== ==3.3 AR implementation==
 For the augmented reality a reference object and the CFD sequence are needed. The reference object was created with the help of Fusion360, the idea was to create a sphere illustrating the mesh used in the CFD process. After that, the model was 3D printed and mounted in a base.   For the augmented reality a reference object and the CFD sequence are needed. The reference object was created with the help of Fusion360, the idea was to create a sphere illustrating the mesh used in the CFD process. After that, the model was 3D printed and mounted in a base.  
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 ===4 Conclusion=== ===4 Conclusion===
  
-After showing the augmented reality implementation to an inexperienced audience, a great interest of the audience towards fluid dynamics, CFD, and the resulting simulation was shown. This proved that this method improves the presentation of results, simplifying the understanding of the results for inexperienced audiences.+After showing the augmented reality implementation to an inexperienced audience, a great interest from the audience towards fluid dynamics, CFD, and the resulting simulation was shown. This proved that this method improves the presentation of results, simplifying the understanding of the results for inexperienced audiences.
 As for the process presented in this paper, improvements in the importing and exporting of files might be done; since the software used in this process support different formats.  As for the process presented in this paper, improvements in the importing and exporting of files might be done; since the software used in this process support different formats. 
  
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 \\ [3] H. K. Versteeg and W. Malalasekera. An introduction to computational fluid dynamics. \\ [3] H. K. Versteeg and W. Malalasekera. An introduction to computational fluid dynamics.
 2nd ed. Pearson, 2007. 2nd ed. Pearson, 2007.
-\\ [4] Computer Cluster. URL: https : / / dynamics . microsoft . com / en - us / mixed - +\\ [4] Computer Cluster. URL: https://dynamics.microsoft.com/en-us/mixed-reality/guides/what-is-augmented-reality-ar/.
-reality/guides/what-is-augmented-reality-ar/.+
 \\ [5] Introduction to Parallel Computing. 2021. URL: https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/ \\ [5] Introduction to Parallel Computing. 2021. URL: https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/
 introduction-to-parallel-computing/. introduction-to-parallel-computing/.
-\\ [6] What is augmented reality or AR? URL: https : / / dynamics . microsoft . com / en - +\\ [6] What is augmented reality or AR? URL: https://dynamics.microsoft.com/en-us/mixed-reality/guides/what-is-augmented-reality-ar/. 
-us/mixed-reality/guides/what-is-augmented-reality-ar/. +
-I+
  
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